A profile of transcriptomic changes in the rd10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

PURPOSE Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a photoreceptor disease that affects approximately 100,000 people in the United States. Treatment options are limited, and the prognosis for most patients is progressive vision loss. Unfortunately, understanding of the molecular underpinnings of RP initiation and progression is still limited. However, the development of animal models of RP, coupled with high-throughput sequencing, has provided an opportunity to study the underlying cellular and molecular changes in this disease. METHODS Using RNA-Seq, we present the first retinal transcriptome analysis of the rd10 murine model of retinal degeneration. RESULTS Our data confirm the loss of rod-specific transcripts and the increased relative expression of Müller-specific transcripts, emphasizing the important role of reactive gliosis and innate immune activation in RP. Moreover, we report substantial changes in relative isoform usage among neuronal differentiation and morphogenesis genes, including a marked shift to shorter transcripts. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses implicate remodeling of the inner retina and possible Müller cell dedifferentiation.